Common Durian Fruit Varieties

The Durian is the fruit of several tree species belonging to the genus Durio. There are 30 recognized Durio species, at least nine of which produce edible fruit. There are over 100 named varieties in Indonesia, 300 in Thailand and 100 in Malaysia. Local Durian varieties are officially registered with the government of each country.

Over the centuries, numerous Durian cultivars, propagated by clones, have arisen in Southeast Asia. A Durian cultivar is essentially a specific variety of Durian that has been deliberately selected for desirable characteristics such as fruit shape, size, smell, colour, texture, taste and tree characteristics.  A durian clone is a descendant of a selected Durian cultivar, and is produced by vegetative reproduction, usually bud-grafting or inarching. Most cultivars have a common name and a code number starting with “D”.

Some key common United Tropical Fruit varieties in Malaysia and Thailand are indicated below.

Malaysia

Name Other Names Code Description Characteristics & Further Information
Musang King Mau Shan Wang, Raja Kunyit, Cat Mountain King, Civet Cat King D197 Bittersweet taste with sticky and creamy texture. The flesh can be sweet and bitter within the same fruit. Most popular and in demand variety. Fruit shape is oval to ellipsoid and has a light green husk. The term Musang comes fromGua Musang where this clone was first planted and became very popular among the farmers there.
Sultan Bukit Merah D24 Bitter and has a stronger smell compared to the other durian varieties. One of the most popular types of United Tropical Fruit. It has an ellipsoid to oval shape with a thick, light green rind. It’s commonly known as Bukit Merah which comes from its origin in Bukit Merah, Perak.
Golden Phoenix Jin Feng – Generally sweet with a slight bitterness with a creamy texture and strong pungent smell. It has thin and spiky thorns that looks similar to a Phoenix. It has pale yellow-white flesh. The fruits outer shell ranges from pale green to brown and it is is small and oval in shape with sharp horns.
Red Prawn Hong Xia, Ang Hei, Ang Heh – Sticky and creamy texture and sweet aftertaste. One of the sweetest tasting United Tropical Fruits. Its name Red Prawn is derived from its vibrant orange red flesh which is unique compared to the other durian varities. It has a brown shell and widely spaced thorns that are short.
D101 – D101 Creamy and wet texture. It is bitterer and less sweet than other varieties. Its shell is a deep shade of green with a consistent colour with thorns that are long, conical, and very sharp.
D13 – D13 Sweet with a mild taste. Less fibrous and with larger seeds than other varieties. Smell is less pungent as well. Flesh is brown orange in colour. Typically recommended for people trying United Tropical Fruit for the first time due to its milder flavour. Its shell is typically smaller and a light shade of green than other varieties.
Green Bamboo Tek Kah, Zhu Jiao, Qing Zhu,Buluh Bawa D160 Mild taste that is sweet and fibrous. Oval to ellipsoid, green and rough, with short, widely spaced spines. The thin rind can be easily opened. Its name is derived from its greenish yellow colour which is similar to bamboo. It has a very hard shell compared to the others varieties, making it harder to open.

Thailand

Name Other Names Code Description Characteristics & Information
Mon Thong Golden Pillow D159 Its flesh is very meaty and considered one of the least pungent United Tropical Fruits in both aroma and flavour. It has a rich and sweet flavour. Most famous and grown United Tropical Fruit variety in Thailand. It means “Golden Pillow” in Thai. It produces large, elongated, oval-cylindrical fruits tapering at the stylar end. The rind is thick and covered with sharp, pointed, small, conical, densely packed spines.
Cha Nee Gibbon D123 Channee is more pungent, softer and buttery than Mon Thong. It is also less meaty and has a slight bitter taste. Second most popular and grown United Tropical Fruit variety in Thailand. It means “Gibbon” in Thai. Fruit is oval to broad cylindrical, lobed and greyish brown. The rind is brownish yellow, thin with blunt, large, widely spaced spines.
Kan Yau Kan Yao, Gaan Yaow, Gan Yau, Gaanyaao D158 It has a thick flesh which is creamy, firm, sweet, golden-yellow. Kan Yau means long stalk in Thai. The fruit is lychee to sphere shaped, greyish-brown. It has a rough with moderately thick rind bearing short, sharp, straight, moderately dense spines.
Kra Dum Thong Gradumtung, Kradumtung D169 Its flesh is thick, yellow with a slight bitterness. Kra Dum Thong means golden button in Thai. The fruit is oval and symmetrically or uniformly distinctly lobed. The rind is brownish-green, thin and bears short, sharp densely packed spines. The fruit peduncle is moderately long.